TÌNH HÌNH SẢN XUẤT LÚA HÈ THU VÀ PHẢN ỨNG CỦA NÔNG DÂN (GỒM CẢ NAM VÀ NỮ) ĐỐI VỚI MẶN HẠN DO BIẾN ĐỔI KHÍ HẬU TẠI SÓC TRĂNG VÀ TRÀ VINH

The random survey on160 rice farming households with 160 couples of principal farmers in Soc Trang and Tra Vinh provinces using structured questionnaires was conducted to know wet rice production situation and its financial benefit, and farmers’ responses to salty water intrusion, drought caused by climate change. Analysis using descriptive statistics and correlative regression to surveyed data together with secondary data showed that salty water intrusion reduced rice productivity and yields. Rice area and farmers’ education positively affected on rice net - return. Fertilizer, pesticide and labor cost negatively affected on it. Male and female farmers coping with climate change and salty water intrusion comprised of using rice varieties tolerant to salinity and drought, resistant to insects and diseases; renting land, raising animals; selling labors; reducing expenditures; participating in rural vocational trainings to access to employment. The study implies that using rice varieties tolerant to salinity and drought, insects and diseases is crucial in saline affected areas. Improving irrigation system with sluices to provide fresh water for indoor and production activities and to prevent salty water intrusion is important. It is necessary to provide farmers with knowledge and skill in applying the climate smart technologies to rice and animal productions.