MÔ TẢ NHẬN DẠNG MỘT SỐ GIỐNG SẮN (Manihot esculenta Crantz) PHỔ BIẾN Ở VIỆT NAM

This study was to establish an identification capacity for characterization and evaluation of cassava cultivars (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Twenty traits based on descriptors of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) and the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) were used to characterize 6 popular cultivated cassava varieties in Vietnam. Some morphological traits were observed such as absence of pubescence on apical leaves, dark green in mature leaf, light brown of stem exterior and straight in growing habit of stem. KM 94 variety had following characteristics: purple green in apical leaves, seven of leaf lobes with lanceolate in shape of central leaflet, reddish green in petiole and leaf vein colors, prominent foliar scars, light brown in external color of tuber, white color in root cortex and pulp. Typical characteristics of KM 140 are purplish red in apical leaves, green at leaf vein, reddish green petiole, semiprominent foliar scar, cylindrical root shape. The descriptors of KM 98-7 were: nine lobes, straight or linear shape of central leaflet, dark brown external color of storage root while KM 98-5 has five lobes, lanceolate shape of central leaflet, cream external color of storage root. Observation of SM 937-26 and XVP showed some different characteristics in color of leaf vein and petiole. SM 937-26 was recorded as irregular-shaped tubers and pedunculate extent of root peduncle. Identification and classification requires more information relating to genetic diversity within the collection of Vietnamese cassava cultivars. In the future, morphological descriptors will be developed to identify Vietnamese cassava varieties.