ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆN TRẠNG VÀ HIỆU QUẢ SẢN XUẤT NGÔ LAI TRÊN ĐẤT LÚA CHUYỂN ĐỔI Ở CÁC TỈNH ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG CỬU LONG

How efficiency generated from maize cultivation in the Me Kong river Delta (MRD) is the critical question that should be identified clearly in the study. The survey on 360 households who shifted rice land to maize cultivation in the provinces of Long An, Dong Thap and Hau Giang pointed out that the productive effciciency of maize fluctuated highly by the sub - agroecological regions and by the crops. The highest profit got from the Winter - Spring and Summer - Autumn maize crop and higher as compared to alternative rice crop. The costs of maize production varies from 29,0 million VND to 35,7 per hectare per crop. The unit price varies from VND 3,500 to 5,400 per kg, at average 4,300 VND per kg. The cost of fertilizers occupies of 30.0 to 35.5 percent of total costs. Labor cost is 38.2 percent in average. Of which, the costs of mechanization (hiring machines) is from 5.0 to 8.7 percent, about 1.2 million VND per hectare. The cost of pesticides varies from 4.9 to 12.2 percent. The analysis of break - even point is at price of 4,300 VND per kg, and at 8.3 tons per hectare, total costs 33.1 million VND per hectare. The net profit generated per hectare is at an average of 4.9 VND million. There is 28 to 49 percent of surveyed households getting loss in maize cultivation because the costs of production is too high, meanwhile the selling price (at farm gate) is low and low yield of maize.