NGHIÊN CỨU ỨNG DỤNG KỸ THUẬT CANH TÁC TỔNG HỢP NHẰM NÂNG CAO HIỆU QUẢ SỬ DỤNG VÀ BẢO VỆ TÀI NGUYÊN ĐẤT DỐC TRỒNG CHÈ TỈNH YÊN BÁI

Sloping land accounted for ¾ of natural land area of Vietnam. This is ecologically diverse regions, rich in potential but very vulnerable. If mainly in the flat land for rice production and industrial development, the mountainous land can grow most crops such as forest trees, fruit trees, food crops, cash crops, tropical trees specialty... and cattle while maintaining the ecological environment. Moreover, in the flat land has been exploited quite thoroughly and is increasingly shrinking, the upland have the potential to expand arable land increased production to ensure food security for the region. However, the type of farming "slash and burn" traditional was made soil erosion, dry, hardened, invasive weeds and compacted; crop yields decrease over time, soil nutrient exhaustion gradually lead to degradation no longer cultivated. Integrated nutrient management of land by some farming techniques such as cover against erosion, mini terrace or contour farming, minimum tillage, fertilizer balance combine short-term food crops, forage crops and soil improvement crops... positive results, while ensuring increased crop yields, has a protective effect on natural resources sustainable slopes. Research results show that for tea the 3 of age when the amount of fertilizer 80N + 40 P205 + 60 K20 supplement nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, cellulose resolution, mulch fern 30 tons/ha and intercropped black beans with density reasonable make tea growing best, tea production increased 32.9%, control erosion and weeds from 50.9 to 61.8%, more harvest of black beans 463 kg/ha, increased income over 6.362 million VND/ha than control.